The recent revocation of Temporary Protected Status (TPS) and other legal protections for Haitian migrants in the United States under President Donald Trump’s administration has led to a surge in Haitian asylum seekers turning to Canada. This policy change, announced in March 2025, requires beneficiaries of Biden-era immigration programs to leave U.S. territory by April 24, prompting many Haitians to seek refuge elsewhere.
Reasons Behind the Migration Shift
- Termination of TPS: TPS for Haitians, which had been in place since 2010 following Haiti’s devastating earthquake, was rescinded by the Trump administration. This decision affects approximately 500,000 Haitians who relied on TPS for legal residency and work permits in the U.S.
- Unsafe Conditions in Haiti: Haiti continues to face severe challenges, including gang violence controlling 85% of the capital, widespread homelessness, and a lack of basic resources. These conditions make deportation to Haiti a dire prospect for many.
- Canada’s Immigration Measures: Canada has extended special immigration measures for Haitian nationals until November 19, 2025. These measures include fee waivers, simplified documentation requirements, and access to work and study permits, making Canada an attractive option for displaced Haitians.
Increase in Asylum Seekers at Canadian Borders
Canadian border authorities have reported a steady rise in asylum claims at entry points like the St-Bernard-de-Lacolle crossing south of Montreal. In March 2025 alone, 1,356 asylum applications were recorded at this crossing, with 557 additional claims by early April. Many of these asylum seekers are Haitians fleeing the U.S. before their legal status expires.
Canada’s Response
Canada’s Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) has implemented temporary measures to support Haitian nationals already in Canada or arriving from Haiti. These include:
- Waiving fees for work permits, study permits, and temporary resident permits.
- Extending health care coverage under the Interim Federal Health Program.
- Simplifying requirements for those unable to provide travel documents due to the crisis in Haiti.
Implications
The migration shift underscores the humanitarian crisis faced by Haitian nationals and highlights Canada’s role as a refuge amid restrictive U.S. immigration policies. While Canada offers hope and stability through its extended measures, the influx of asylum seekers poses logistical challenges that require careful management by Canadian authorities.
This situation reflects broader trends in global migration as vulnerable populations seek safety and stability in countries with more inclusive policies.